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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes ： ウィキペディア英語版 Tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes T lymphocytes are cells of the immune system that attack and destroy virus-infected cells, tumor cells and cells from transplanted organs. This occurs because each T cell is endowed with a highly specific receptor that can bind to an antigen present at the surface of another cell. The T cell receptor binds to a complex formed by a surface protein named "MHC" (major histocompatibility complex) and a small peptide of about 9 amino-acids, which is located in a groove of the MHC molecule. This peptide can originate from a protein that remains within the cell (''Fig. 1''). Whereas each T cell recognizes a single antigen, collectively the T cells are endowed with a large diversity of receptors targeted at a wide variety of antigens. T cells originate in the thymus. There a process named central tolerance eliminates the T cells that have a receptor recognizing an antigen present on normal cells of the organism. This enables the T cells to eliminate cells with "foreign" or "abnormal" antigens without harming the normal cells. It has long been debated whether cancer cells were bearing "tumor-specific" antigens, absent from normal cells, which could in principle cause the elimination of the tumor by the immune system. It is now proven that tumor-specific antigens exist and that patients mount spontaneous T cell responses against such antigens. Unfortunately, it is clear that in many and perhaps most instances this response is insufficient to prevent cancer progression and metastasis. The purpose of T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy is to reactivate these responses to a degree that results in tumor destruction without causing harmful effects on normal cells. == Processes leading to the presence of tumor-specific antigens on cancer cells == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.